Recent scholarship on gender and the state suggests that women's agency has been critical to the formation of welfare policy. Yet, nations with strong, mobilized feminist movements do not necessarily develop the most supportive welfare policies. By historically analyzing the emergence of British and French family allowance policy, the author suggests that the key to this conundrum lies in the interaction between women's movements and the value given to women's paid and unpaid labor. Woman-friendly state policy requires an active women's (...) movement and ideologies valuing women's paid and unpaid labor. In addition, women's movements must be able and willing to strategically use those ideologies to pursue their goals. (shrink)

In this introduction to Gender & Society’s symposium on Patricia Hill Collins’s path-breaking work on intersectionality, I reflect on how the symposium contributors have used intersectional perspectives in their own work, and on how Collins’ conceptualizations have shaped interdisciplinary scholarship more broadly. I also take this opportunity to present my own vision as the new editor of Gender & Society, and to reextend this journal’s longstanding welcome to all who work to expand and deepen our understanding of the workings and (...) effects of gender, in societies around the globe. (shrink)

The Yugoslav socialist framework enabled major advances in what concerns the legal, economic and social equality of women, advances which radically changed their traditionally subordinated family and social position. In spite of the postwar period of revolutionary enthusiasm, female political activism and the access of women intellectuals to the male-dominated spheres of journalism, diplomacy, administration and governmental offices did not exist for long. Taking into account memoirs and oral histories of five distinguished women, the article reveals the reasons for the (...) Party’s antifeminist attitudes: a) the political fear of ambitious female “quality staff ”; b) the ideological fear of the women guardians of the traditional and religious foundations of collective identity; c) a cultural mistrust toward the mobile woman who easily transcends family, social and ethnic boundaries. These biographical sources reveal that any attempt at free thought and autonomous action outside of the party line was severely punished. (shrink)

In the era of consumer distrust of corporations, transparency is becoming a must rather than an option. While prior research has explored why businesses should disclose their costs and how consumers may react to such cost transparency, it is still unclear how marketers can best communicate cost transparency. The present research offers a practical examination of how and when cost transparency is effective, specifically, by examining the moderating role of authentic and hubristic pride on the effectiveness of cost transparency. Across (...) two experimental studies, the effectiveness of cost transparency is leveraged using authentic pride, whereas hubristic pride decreases it. Further, we empirically demonstrate the mediating role of moral elevation. Overall, the results demonstrate that marketing messages that elicit authentic pride can increase the effectiveness of cost transparency. Hence, the current research highlights how marketers and brands can effectively combine specific emotional appeals with cost transparency to obtain favorable consumer evaluations. (shrink)

Work—family policy strategies reflect gendered assumptions about the roles of men and women within families and therefore may lead to significantly different outcomes, particularly for families headed by single mothers. The authors argue that welfare states have adopted strategies based on different assumptions about women's and men's roles in society, which then affect women's chances of living in poverty cross-nationally. The authors examine how various strategies are associated with poverty rates across groups of women and also examine more directly the (...) effects of specific work—family policies on poverty rates. They find that while family benefits and child care for young children unequivocally lower poverty rates, particularly for families headed by a single mother, long parental leaves have more ambivalent effects. The findings suggest that it is critical to examine the gendered assumptions underlying work—family policies rather than viewing all work—family policies as the same. (shrink)

Faculty workload inequities have important consequences for faculty diversity and inclusion. On average, women faculty spend more time engaging in service, teaching, and mentoring, while men, on average, spend more time on research, with women of color facing particularly high workload burdens. We explore how faculty members perceive workload in their departments, identifying mechanisms that can help shape their perceptions of greater equity and fairness. White women perceive that their departments have less equitable workloads and are less committed to workload (...) equity than white men. Women of color perceive that their departments are less likely to credit their important work through departmental rewards systems than white men. Workload transparency and clarity, and consistent approaches to assigning classes, advising, and service, can reduce women’s perceptions of inequitable and unfair workloads. Our research suggests that departments can identify and put in place a number of key practices around workload that will improve gendered and racialized perceptions of workload. (shrink)

Despite the promise of new gene editing technologies (GETs) (e.g., CRISPR) in accelerating sustainable agri-food production, the social acceptability of these technologies remains unclear. Prior literature has primarily addressed the regulatory and economic issues impacting GETs ongoing acceptability, while little work has examined socio-cultural impacts despite evolving food policies and product commercialisation demanding input from various actors in the food system. Our systematic review across four databases addresses this gap by synthesising recent research on food system actors’ perspectives to identify (...) the key socio-cultural factors influencing GET acceptability. This review extends prior literature by including views from a more diverse range of actors (e.g., farmers and NGOs) and provides a better understanding of their perceived social benefits and concerns. We find food system actors perceive positive and negative impacts of using GETs in agriculture. These perspectives are often entangled in broader debates regarding sustainability and food systems issues (e.g., social justice). We discuss practical recommendations for policymakers, agri-food industry managers, and scientists to better align gene edited foods (GEFs) with food system actors’ values. GEF policy, development, and commercialisation must reflect social values such as collective wellbeing and transparency to improve actors’ acceptability. More research is required among marginalised food actors such as Indigenous and smallholder farmers. (shrink)

In a recent issue of the Journal of Medical Ethics, Svoboda and Van Howe commented on the 2012 change in the American Academy of Pediatrics policy on newborn male circumcision, in which the AAP stated that benefits of the procedure outweigh the risks. Svoboda and Van Howe disagree with the AAP conclusions. We show here that their arguments against male circumcision are based on a poor understanding of epidemiology, erroneous interpretation of the evidence, selective citation of the literature, statistical manipulation (...) of data, and circular reasoning. In reality, the scientific evidence indicates that male circumcision, especially when performed in the newborn period, is an ethically and medically sound low-risk preventive health procedure conferring a lifetime of benefits to health and well-being. Policies in support of parent-approved elective newborn circumcision should be embraced by the medical, scientific and wider communities. (shrink)

The different receptions of the work of Martin Heidegger represent a significant aspect to understand the evolution of the Spanish Philosophy of the second half of century XX. In a context of crisis of the modernity and the search of a philosophical solution up to the task of its time period, the philosophical reception of Ortega was polemical and has been object of different interpretations. Early received by his disciples Zubiri and Gaos, and of special relevancy for Zambrano, the work (...) of Heidegger contributed to oust both Ortega and his heritage during the times of Madrid School during Francoist dictatorship. From the scholastic philosophy of the forties, and from Heidegger his-self, he abandoned The Idea of Principle in Leibniz, work that has been just published as a new official edition including previous work notes. In this way, in our work we will make a critical itinerary about that initial reception and its most relevant readings, this time analyzed under the methodological frame provided by the Sociology of Philosophy. (shrink)

Gracias a unas intervenciones de recuperación que se presentaban casi imposibles, dentro del amplio plan de restauración, precedido de investigaciones y estudios, de todo el conjunto de las edificaciones que bajo Augusto fueron realizadas en la colina del Palatino, se han abierto al público en Roma las puertas de la casa que Octaviano mandó edificar en el año 36 a.C., antes de convertirse en Augusto (27 a.C.-14d.C.).

Luz para enfocar unas joyas ocultas en espacios que, generalmente, no la reciben, celebrando el IV Centenario del Archivo Secreto Vaticano. Así nace la exposición "Lux in arcana" que, por primera vez saca un centenar de documentos de los registros de la Santa Sede para mostrarlos en los visitadísimos Museos Capitolinos de Roma.

Bill Joy’s deep pessimism is now famous. Why the Future Doesn’t Need Us, his defense of that pessimism, has been read by, it seems, everyone—and many of these readers, apparently, have been converted to the dark side, or rather more accurately, to the future-is-dark side. Fortunately (for us; unfortunately for Joy), the defense, at least the part of it that pertains to AI and robotics, fails. Ours may be a dark future, but we cannot know that on the basis of (...) Joy’s reasoning. On the other hand, we ought to fear a good deal more than fear itself: we ought to fear not robots, but what some of us may do with robots. (shrink)

Con la publicación de al-�Aqida al-burhaniyya al-as,ariyya, una joya más del legado as,ari marroquí ha visto la luz. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la importancia de esa edición científica y aportar algunas reflexiones acerca de su contenido y forma.

La Sede de la santa, Pontificia y Real Hermandad del Refugio y Piedad de Madrid, está situada a poca distancia de la Gran Vía, entre la calle Puebla, la corredera Baja de San Pablo y la calle de la Ballesta. Una zona muy poblada, de calles estrechas, edificios históricos, viviendas pobres o muy modestas, pequeños comercios y lugar de tráfico� Zona muy degradada en tiempos y que el Ayuntamiento ha tratado de mejorar en los últimos años. La Sede es también (...) iglesia de san Antonio de los alemanes: una joya única del Barroco que merece la pena visitar. (shrink)

Los más diversos teóricos de la modernidad suelen presentar este período como un proceso continuo de desarrollo tecnológico y económico, progreso en las artes y las ciencias, expansión de la democracia y racionalización de las instituciones y las costumbres. Sin embargo, persisten las contradicciones del capitalismo, el colapso de la civilización es inminente y el Pueblo no vive ni ha vivido en la modernidad tal y como sus teóricos la describen. Esto es tanto más cierto en nuestro país, habitado por (...) una suerte de magdaleniense o pre-Tartessos lleno de cacharritos con iconos, llamadas, avisos, avatares, tamagotchies, móviles y juegos online integrados sin la menor discrepancia sobre una capa de rituales del año de la polka, fetiches, incienso, lágrimas, sangre, joyas, ofrendas, sacrificios, reliquias de miembros de santos y matriarcas fenicio-neolíticas devenidas madres de Cristo al tiempo que supporters del equipo de fútbol local. El ultrarracionalismo se presenta como un nuevo método y movimiento filosófico cuya voluntad es afrontar los desafíos del futuro sin dejar de hacer justicia a esta auténtica marejada de lo grotesco. (shrink)

El artículo plantea varias cuestiones a la obra de José Antonio Suárez, catalogada dentro del formato mínimo y la micrografía. Se analizan las causas de la atracción por lo mínimo: la perfección de la joya, la magia del talismán, el oficio, el truco, los modelos editoriales de la ilustración. Se aborda el recurso a la privacidad del diario de apuntes, el rechazo a la producción del gran arte y al mismo tiempo la admiración por el arte museal. Finalmente se (...) evalúan las posibilidades que da el grabado al formato mínimo. (shrink)

Entre las valiosas piezas que conforman el rico tesoro de la catedral hispalense destacan un cáliz y un copón de oro y piedras preciosas, joyas sobre las que existen pocas y confusas noticias. En este artículo se aclaran definitivamente diversos aspectos sobre su origen, autoría y ejecución.

Tal como reconoce el propio Montesquieu, este escrito de juventud no se compara con las obras maestras de su pensamiento ni tampoco revela lo esencial de él. Por ello, este texto tendría poco valor si con él pretendiésemos estudiar y comprender la filosofía y el pensamiento montesquiano. No obstante, el valor que tiene el Discurso sobre Cicerón para nuestra compresión de la recepción, la valoración y la inluencia de la filosofía ciceroniana en la Modernidad, fue la razón por la cual (...) decidí realizar por primera vez una traducción al español de este texto. El estudio de la pervivencia del pensamiento ciceroniano en la Historia de la Filosofía es un campo de estudio relativamente reciente en la historiografía de la filosofía: después de ser condenada al olvido, tan sólo a partir de la década de los años 90 la filosofía ciceroniana ha empezado a ser revalorada y estudiada. En el caso de la Modernidad, la cuestión es bastante difusa. La mayoría de los estudiosos han tenido que esforzarse por hacer explícita la impronta ciceroniana, tratando de remediar la escasez y muchas veces la ausencia de referencias directas a Cicerón en las obras de los modernos. De ahí que el Discurso de Cicerón sea una pequeña joya y una pieza fundamental para comprender la presencia de Cicerón en la Modernidad. Por otra parte, el elogio que este discurso hace a la filosofía ciceroniana contrasta con la airmación de un contemporáneo de Montesquieu, el filósofo escoces David Hume: “la filosofía abstracta de Cicerón ha perdido su crédito, pero la vehemencia de su oratoria aún es objeto de nuestra admiración” (2005, p. 503). Vemos, así, como este discurso poco conocido nos ayuda a percibir los contrastes con los que se presenta la figura de Cicerón en la Modernidad. (shrink)

El objetivo de esta investigación es poner de manifiesto la importancia de las imágenes de vestir marianas y, también, las joyas y accesorios que presentan. Se plantearán las bases y claves de un lenguaje no verbal que actúa como testimonio de la devoción además de las relaciones sociales y económicas del momento que las marcan. Merced a los casos analizados, se comprobará cómo, con gran frecuencia, se une a la piedad popular de pueblos y de las culturas de determinados acontecimientos (...) de la zona. Los resultados demostrarán la importancia dada y valores atribuidos a este tipo de iconografía. (shrink)

Hasta el momento, la obra más conocida e importante del prolífico autor andalusí Ibn Saʿīd al-Maġribī (m. 685/1286) era su antología al-Muġrib fī ḥulà l-Maġrib (Lo extraordinario acerca de las joyas del Occidente). Sin embargo, igual en importancia debió de ser su homóloga oriental, al-Mušriq fī ḥulà l-Mašriq (Lo extraordinario acerca de las joyas del Oriente), obra de la que, por el contrario, se conoce muy poco. El propósito de este artículo es dar a conocer esta obra de Ibn Saʿīd, (...) dedicada a Oriente, así como el estudio preliminar de dos manuscritos inéditos del Mušriq, preservados en El Cairo. En él se tratan aspectos relativos a la composición de la obra, su autoría, su estructura y fuentes, y se ofrece una breve descripción de las principales características de ambos manuscritos junto con la información más relevante que contienen. (shrink)